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🇨🇿 捷克 × 休假與國定假日

置信度:B | 最後驗證:2026-04-10 |
⚠️ 內部參考用途 — 需經法務 / 勞工關係專員審查後方為正式依據。
主要法源:

休假與假日 — Czech Republic (捷克)

Applicable law: Zákoník práce (Labor Code No. 262/2006 Sb.).
Currency: CZK.
EU context: EU Directive 2003/88/EC guarantees 4 weeks (20 days) minimum annual leave. Czech law meets this minimum; many employers exceed it.


1. 主要法源

法源 相關條文 標籤
Zákoník práce §211–223 (annual leave), §191–199 (obstacles to work), §115–118 (public holidays) 🟢
Act on Sickness Insurance (No. 187/2006 Sb.) Sick leave benefits 🟢
Government list of public holidays 13 public holidays per year 🟢

2. 核心規定

2.1 年假 (Annual Leave)

🟢 — §212–213:

Category Entitlement
Private sector (minimum) 4 weeks (20 working days)
Public sector / state employees 5 weeks (25 working days)
Teachers / academic staff 8 weeks (40 working days)

🟠 — 5 weeks annual leave is very common in the private sector (offered as a benefit by most medium/large employers).

2.2 年假排定與使用 (Scheduling & Use)

🟢 — §217–218:

2.3 國定假日 (Public Holidays)

🟢 — 13 public holidays per year:

Date Holiday
Jan 1 New Year's Day / Day of Restoration of Czech Independence
Good Friday Moveable
Easter Monday Moveable
May 1 Labour Day
May 8 Liberation Day
Jul 5 Saints Cyril and Methodius Day
Jul 6 Jan Hus Day
Sep 28 Czech Statehood Day
Oct 28 Independent Czechoslovak State Day
Nov 17 Struggle for Freedom and Democracy Day
Dec 24 Christmas Eve
Dec 25 Christmas Day
Dec 26 St. Stephen's Day

2.4 病假 (Sick Leave)

🟢 — §192–194 + Act No. 187/2006 Sb.:

Period Payer Rate
Days 1–14 Employer 60% of reduced average earnings (from day 1)
Day 15+ State (sickness insurance) 60% of daily assessment base

🟡 — As of 2024, the 3-day waiting period has been abolished; employers pay 60% of reduced average earnings from day 1 through day 14. State sickness insurance (ČSSZ) takes over from day 15.

2.5 產假與育嬰假 (Maternity & Parental Leave)

🟢 — §195–198:

Maternity leave (mateřská dovolená):

項目 內容
Duration 28 weeks (37 weeks for multiple births)
Start 6–8 weeks before due date
Minimum after birth 6 weeks
Benefit 70% of daily assessment base (paid by social insurance)

Paternity leave (otcovská):

項目 內容
Duration 14 days (2 weeks)
Timing Within 6 weeks of birth
Benefit 70% of daily assessment base
Eligibility 3 months of social insurance contributions

Parental leave (rodičovská dovolená):

項目 內容
Duration Until child turns 3 years old
Benefit Parental allowance up to CZK 350,000 total (distributed flexibly)
Both parents Either parent may take; can alternate
Job protection Employer must hold the position

2.6 其他假別 (Other Leave Types)

🟢 — §199–200 (personal obstacles to work):

Type Duration Pay
Marriage (own) 2 days (1 for ceremony + 1) Paid
Marriage (child) 1 day Paid
Death of spouse/child 3 days + 1 for funeral Paid
Death of parent 2 days (1 if not arranging funeral) Paid
Moving 2 days (own need), 1 day (employer's need) Employer's need: paid
Blood donation Time necessary Paid (average earnings)
Medical examination Time necessary Paid

🟠 — Many employers provide additional leave (e.g., "sick days" / personal days) as benefits, typically 3–5 days/year.


3. 立法理由與實務見解

年假計算改革 (2021)

The shift from day-based to hour-based annual leave calculation ensures fair treatment of part-time and irregular-schedule workers.

EU Directive 對比

Provision EU Directive Czech Law
Minimum annual leave 4 weeks 4 weeks (meets)
Public holidays Not specified 13 days
Maternity leave 14 weeks (Directive 92/85) 28 weeks (exceeds)
Paternity leave 10 days (Directive 2019/1158) 14 days (exceeds)

實務灰色地帶


4. 雇主合規重點


5. 與其他轄區的關聯

比較面向 捷克 匈牙利
Minimum annual leave 4 weeks (20 days) 20 days (increasing with age to 30)
Public holidays 13 11
Maternity leave 28 weeks 24 weeks
Paternity leave 14 days 5 days
Parental leave Until child is 3 Until child is 3
Sick leave (employer pays) First 14 days First 15 days

6. 風險警示


7. 資料來源清單

  1. Zákoník práce (No. 262/2006 Sb.) — Czech legislation portal
  2. Vacation Tracker — Czech Republic Leave Laws
  3. Boundless — Annual Leave in Czech Republic
  4. Accace — Labour law in Czech Republic 2025
  5. Grafton — Maternity and Paternity Leave
  6. Skuad — Czech Republic Leave Policy 2025

8. 待確認事項


Generated by Labor Law KB — 捷克 × 休假與國定假日 — 2026-04-10